Chapter 101 : Chapter 101 Laws Concerning Preparation on the First Day of Yom Tov for the Second Day or for a Weekday

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§1

All Melachah¹This includes even such chores that are not halachically considered melachos. See paragraph 2. (Magein Avraham, Mishnah Berurah 503:1) that is permitted on Yom Tov is permitted only if it is necessary for that day. But to prepare on the first day of Yom Tov for the second day,²Maseches Beitzah 2b. (even of Rosh Hashanah), and certainly for a weekday, is forbidden. However, if you need to cook for that day, you are permitted to take a larger pot and fill it with meat or something similar, even though you do not need so much for that day, and leave some for the evening, or for the next day.³Shulchan Aruch 503:1. Only in the case of cooked food, is this permitted. because it tastes better when a large quantity of meat is cooked in one pot.⁴The halachah is, that if you put it on the fire at one time, you are permitted to do so with all foods, since you are not performing additional labor, once it is on the fire. Regarding meat dishes, however, you are permitted to add to the pot even after it is on the fire. (Magein Avraham 503:2) This is permitted provided you do not expressly state that the leftovers will be for the night, or for the following day. It should be cooked without mentioning anything at all.⁵If you have already eaten that day, you may not cook a pot for the following day, even if you eat a piece of it today. (Shulchan Aruch 503:1) If you intentionally did it anyway, you may use it if you eat a piece of it today. (Magein Avraham, Beis Meir, Shulchan Aruch Harav) Eliyahu Rabbah rules that it is permitted, even if you intended to eat a piece of it, but ended up not doing so. Peri Chadash and Vilna Gaon rule, even if you eat a piece of it, it is forbidden, for it was done with dishonest intent. In the case of other foods, it is forbidden to add (to that day's needs), if even a little additional labor is entailed. because of adding to it.

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§2

Even something that is not actual work, such as bringing in water, or even wine for kiddush and havdalah, is forbidden if it is for the next day. It is also forbidden to put the candles in the candlesticks, or to prepare the wicks and lamps on the first day of Yom Tov, for the night (of the second day of Yom Tov), unless they are needed also before the night,⁶If it will be difficult to obtain wine at night, you may bring it when it is still day, if it is for a mitzvah. (second night of Yom Tov or Shabbos) (Chayei Adam 153:6.) or they are lit in honor of the synagogue.

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§3

If a non-Jew brings fish or fruit on the first day of Yom Tov, and there is reason to suspect that the fish were caught, or the fruit was picked on that day, or brought in from outside the Techum,⁷See glossary and Chapter 65. If the non-Jew is living in your city and is known to have the items in stock within the techum, you may assume what he has brought is from within the techum. (Shulchan Aruch 515:7) it is forbidden to handle them on that day. In the evening on the second night of Yom Tov⁸Immediately after nightfall. (Mishnah Berurah 515:59) it is permitted to use them. Thus, if the non-Jew knows you, and gives them to you without quoting a price, you may take them and eat them; except on Rosh Hashanah, when, even if they were brought on the first day, they are forbidden on the second day.⁹This refers only to where it may have been harvested or caught on that day for these are melachos. But if there is only concern that they may have been brought in from outside the techum, they are permitted on the second day, even if they were brought for a Jew and even if it is Rosh Hashanah or Shabbos, but you must wait for the time it would take the non-Jew to bring it from that place after nightfall.(see Shulchan Aruch 515:8, Vilna Gaon, Mishna Berurah 515:66)

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§4

If the non-Jew brings these things, as a gift for a Jew or to sell them to him, they are forbidden even on the second day of Yom Tov.¹⁰Ramah 515:1, Rabheinu Tam. However, it is permitted for guests who were unexpected when the non-Jew brought it, or for out-of-town guests. In such a case, you may also eat from it with them in their honor. (Magein Avraham, Mishnah Berurah 515:12) ¹¹This is only in cases where a melachah is involved, but where the techum is concerned, the poskim are lenient, as is the Shulchan Aruch. (Ramah 515:5, Mishnah Berurah) The Misgeros Hashulchan says the grouping together of techum and melachah in paragraphs 3 and 4 may be a typographical error in the Kitzur Shulchan Aruch, for it is explicit in the Talmud and poskim that they are not the same. See footnote 9. If Yom Tov occurs on Thursday and Friday, and the non-Jew brings them on Thursday, if it is very urgent,¹²Mishnah Berurah 515:42 says if you need it in honor of Shabbos, and you have no other food of this type in your house, it is also permitted. you are permitted to handle them¹³If you do have more of this type of food in your house, you may still have it cooked for Shabbos by a non-Jew, but you should not handle it. (Magein Avraham, Eliyahu Rabbah, Mishnah Berurah) on Friday, and cook them in honor of Shabbos.¹⁴You must wait on Friday night, however, until after “due time” elapses. (Beis Yosef, Mishnah Berurah 515:40) On the Yom Tov of Rosh Hashanah, even this, is forbidden.

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§5

Milk which non-Jew milks on the first day of Yom Tov, in the presence of a Jew, may be used on the second day of Yom Tov. If the milking was done on Shabbos, and Sunday is the first day of Yom Tov, it is forbidden on Sunday. Milk that was milked on the first day of Rosh Hashanah, is also forbidden on the second day, and also on the Shabbos if it follows immediately.

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§6

Wicks that were lit on the first (night of) Yom Tov and were extinguished, may be lit on the second day of Yom Tov. But, on the two days of Rosh Hashanah it is forbidden to light a wick on the second day that was extinguished on the first day. It is forbidden to light them even at the other end.¹⁵Taz 501:7. The reason is, since a charred wick lights better than an uncharred one, the wick has been prepared from one day Rosh Hashanah to the second day. The Ramah, Rosh, Or Zarua, Meiri etc. permit it because it is possible to light an uncharred wick so it is not considered preparation. The Peri Chadash and Eliyahu Rabbah say those who are stringent will be blessed. The Mishnah Berurah says that you should try to be stringent and prepare different wicks in advance (before Rosh Hashanah) and if not, at least light the other end. The Shaar Hatziyun 501:43 permits lighting the uncharred end. The Taz forbids this to ensure you do not light the charred tip. However, you are allowed to handle them in order to remove and replace them.¹⁶You may handle them in order to use them or if you need the space they occupy. (Shulchan Aruch Harav 501) According to one opinion in the Peri Megadim M.Z. 501:7, you may not handle the remnants of the wick, even for the space it occupies. The same law applies when Yom Tov occurs the day after Shabbos.¹⁷When the first day of Yom Tov follows Shabbos. (Taz)